Main Abbreviations

• Enh-Mono: Monofocals with Focus Extension around 1.5 D for 0.3 logMAR in monocular vision
• FRoF-Bi: Multifocals in which a single near addition has been described by the manufacturer.
• FRoF-Tri: Multifocal in which two additions of near and intermediate have been described by the manufacturer.
• EDoF: Depth of field extension about 2.0 D for 0.3 logMAR in monocular vision
• Mono: Conventional single vision lenses

Secondary Abbreviations

They are added to the above when any of the following clinical variations are present:

• Toric: The study contains results with toric lenses (Example FRoF-Tri Toric).
• M&M: Combination of two lenses (Mixed M&M indicates the use of 2 lenses of different categories).
• MicroM: A major myopic target has been selected in either eye.

Example of concatenation of abbreviations:

Mixed M&M MicroM: Mix-and-Match with two lenses of different categories in which one of the eyes has been programmed with a higher myopic target.

• The "&" operator means that both lenses have been used one in each eye. For example, "Acufocus IC-8 & Monofocal" indicates that one eye has been operated with "Acufocus IC-8" and the other with "Monofocal". 
• The "or" operator means that the two lenses have been mixed in the sample (not recommended). For example, "Vivity DFT015 or Toric" indicates that this study contains, without being clearly differentiated, results from the Vivity lens in its spherical or toric version.

This is the quality of evidence index of the article, it is calculated in an automated way based on 192 parameters that can be described in the article. As it is an algorithm, it can be improved in future versions, so the evaluation of an article could change with the optimization of the algorithm.

The quality index is calculated considering 10 main questions or items. Each of these questions is answered considering the respective parameters of the 192 factors extracted within the article. The colors assigned indicate:

• Green: The quality assessment question is met in a positive manner.
• Yellow: The wording of the article does not allow for a clear answer to this question.
• Red: The quality assessment question is not met in a positive manner.

How to ask about artifacts that appear around lights may differ between studies.

• Photic phenomena: Percentage of patients reporting glare, halos or starburst.
• Positive dyspotopia: Cumulative percentage of patients "Bothered and Very Bothered" by photic phenomena.

Since the presence of photic phenomena does not bother all patients equally, the incidence of photic phenomena is usually higher than the incidence of positive dysphotopsias.

Yes, with just one subscription you will have access to PRO on all your devices as long as they have the same Apple Store user account.  

The app processes various information to provide a comprehensive overview of a manuscript focused on intraocular lens (IOL) cases. It first identifies the manuscript using the given IOL case and study identifiers. It then extracts key details such as the authors, title, publication source, year, volume, and pages of publication. Additionally, the app provides the manuscript's URL and indicates whether it is new.

The app also delves into the study's content, analyzing the functional classification, name of the intraocular lens, and the type of study conducted. It evaluates how the lens compares with other lenses and determines if the study is prospective or retrospective. Furthermore, the app assesses the case series to confirm if it is consecutive, including the recruitment timeframe. Finally, it verifies if all patients were included in the clinical trial without losses or if the series was consecutive.

The app processes extensive data related to ophthalmological studies. It begins by analyzing the number of subjects included and the number of eyes examined. It considers corneal astigmatism in inclusion criteria and assesses if eyes with comorbidities were included.

The app further evaluates demographic and biometric details, such as the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the sample's age, the percentages of men and women, and the mean and SD of axial length, average keratometry, IOL power, corneal astigmatism, and anterior chamber depth.

Additionally, the app identifies which device was used for pupil measurement and reports the mean and SD of photopic and mesopic pupils for the sample. Lastly, it analyzes the preoperative corrected distance visual acuity and its SD. This comprehensive processing enables the app to provide a detailed understanding of the study's participants and their ocular characteristics, facilitating a thorough analysis of the research conducted.

The app processes essential information regarding surgical procedures for intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. It identifies the site where the surgery was conducted and the number of surgeons involved. The app also distinguishes between phacoemulsification and femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (femtoemulsification).

Details about the surgical approach are analyzed, including the clear corneal incision size, incision meridian, and any additional corneal incisions.

The app also considers the nomogram followed and the capsulotomy size. Furthermore, the app examines the mean target planned and its standard deviation, the formula and constant used for IOL power calculation, and the biometer utilized in the process. It also determines whether the surgeon planned for micromonovision or emmetropia.

By processing this information, the app enables users to gain a comprehensive understanding of the surgical techniques and planning involved in IOL implantation, thereby facilitating better assessment and comparison of the outcomes..

The app processes crucial data related to postoperative outcomes and complications for intraocular lens (IOL) implantation procedures. It shows the percentage of eyes that experienced a loss of 2 or more corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) lines, providing insight into the surgical success and potential risks.

Additionally, the app presents the percentage of eyes with a CDVA of less than 0.3 logMAR. This information offers a deeper understanding of the factors contributing to suboptimal visual acuity results post-surgery. The app also evaluates the reported adverse events, presenting users with a comprehensive overview of potential complications and their frequency.

Moreover, it introduces the user to the percentage of eyes that required Nd:YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) laser procedures, which are often performed to address posterior capsule opacification following cataract surgery.

By processing these variables, the app offers valuable insights into postoperative outcomes and complications, enabling users to make informed decisions about IOL implantation procedures.

The app processes a wide array of visual acuity data at various distances for both monocular and binocular vision, offering a comprehensive understanding of postoperative outcomes in intraocular lens (IOL) implantation procedures. It evaluates far, intermediate, and near distances in meters and centimeters, respectively, and considers follow-up in monocular and binocular vision.

The app analyzes multiple visual acuity aspects, such as uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity, intermediate visual acuity, and near visual acuity, along with their respective standard deviations.

It also shows the percentage of eyes achieving specific visual acuity benchmarks, such as 20/20 for far and 20/25 for intermediate and near distances, with the best distance correction. Additionally, the app examines residual refractive outcomes, including spherical equivalent and astigmatism, and their standard deviations.

It determines the percentage of eyes within specific diopter ranges, such as 0.50D and 1.0D. Lastly, the app identifies whether the ETDRS chart was used for measuring visual acuity at all distances and the luminance applied during the measurements.

This extensive processing allows users to thoroughly assess visual outcomes and compare the effectiveness of different IOL implantation procedures.

The app processes an extensive range of defocus curve data, which is vital in understanding the depth of focus and visual performance of intraocular lenses (IOLs) after implantation. It considers the follow-up period for defocus curves and the distance correction applied during the defocus curve assessment.

The app analyzes defocus values at multiple diopter levels, ranging from 2.0 to -4.0 diopters, providing a comprehensive overview of the IOL's performance under different defocus conditions. This information allows users to evaluate the effectiveness of IOLs in various situations, such as near, intermediate, and far vision.

Additionally, the app takes into account any methods described for bias prevention by memorization. This ensures that the defocus curve data is reliable and minimizes the impact of potential biases on the results.

By processing this extensive defocus curve data, the app enables users to make informed decisions about IOL implantation procedures based on the depth of focus and overall visual performance under various conditions.

The app processes a comprehensive range of contrast sensitivity data for both monocular and binocular vision, offering valuable insights into visual performance under various lighting conditions and with or without glare. It considers the test used for contrast sensitivity and the method for selecting the ceiling and floor effect.

For both monocular and binocular vision, the app shows contrast sensitivity measurements at different follow-up periods and with distance correction. It describes photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity without glare at various spatial frequencies (cycles per degree, cpd) such as 3, 6, 12, and 18 cpd for photopic vision, and 1.5, 3, 6, and 12 cpd for mesopic vision.

Additionally, the app reports contrast sensitivity under glare conditions for both photopic and mesopic vision at the same spatial frequencies.

This comprehensive analysis allows users to understand the impact of intraocular lenses (IOLs) on visual performance under diverse lighting conditions and in the presence of glare, facilitating informed decision-making regarding IOL implantation procedures.

The app processes a wide range of data related to patient-reported outcomes. The app reports the percentage of patients achieving spectacle independence at far, intermediate, and near distances, providing insights into the effectiveness of IOLs in reducing spectacle dependency.

It also analyzes patient satisfaction levels, encompassing both positive (satisfied or very satisfied) and negative (dissatisfied or very dissatisfied) feedback.

The app examines the percentage of patients experiencing visual disturbances, such as halos, glare, and starbursts, as well as the proportion of those bothered by these phenomena or any other photic occurrences.

Furthermore, the app calculates the percentage of patients who would recommend the procedure, offering insights into overall satisfaction and success. Lastly, it assesses the acceptability of the statistical methods employed, ensuring the reliability of the presented data.

By processing this information, the app allows users to make informed decisions based on patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction levels following IOL implantation procedures.

According to the clinical studies of intraocular lenses, the average age for cataract surgery is around 66 years, although cataract patients can range from adult patients in their 40s to those in their 90s. The prevalence of cataracts increases with age, making surgery more common among older individuals.

Yes, intraocular lenses can sometimes become cloudy due to a condition called posterior capsule opacification (PCO). This occurs when lens epithelial cells proliferate and migrate behind the intraocular lens, leading to a cloudy appearance and reduced visual acuity.

Vision may be different in each eye after cataract surgery due to several factors, including refractive error, astigmatism, ocular comorbidity, or differences in the intraocular lens implanted. Additionally, the healing process can vary between eyes.

Some of the scariest complications of cataract surgery include infection, retinal detachment, and vision loss. These complications are very rare, but they can have serious consequences for the patient's vision and eye health if not managed promptly and appropriately.

Blurry vision after 2 months of cataract surgery could be due to several reasons, such as residual refractive error, corneal astigmatism, posterior capsule opacification, or ocular comorbidities like glaucoma. It is essential to consult with an eye care professional to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.

The most common complication of cataract surgery with IOL implantation is posterior capsule opacification, which can lead to reduced visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. However, this complication can be managed with a simple laser procedure called YAG capsulotomy.

The clinical outcomes of Lentis Comfort intraocular lens can be found in the IOLEvidence Application. All the studies of intraocular lenses have been synthesized to know the expected visual acuities at far distance, intermediate and near, the defocus curve, the contrast sensitivity, satisfaction, dysphotopsia and many other outcomes relevant for the patient.

Predictors of outcomes in patients who underwent cataract surgery include preoperative visual acuity, ocular comorbidities like glaucoma, corneal astigmatism, and the type of intraocular lens implanted (monofocal IOL, multifocal IOL, or toric IOL). Additionally, surgical technique and the patient's general health can influence the outcomes.

Vision is typically significantly improved after cataract surgery, with many patients experiencing corrected distance visual acuity of 20/40 or better. In some cases, patients can achieve 20/20 vision after surgery. However, individual outcomes may vary depending on factors such as the type of IOL implanted, preoperative visual acuity, and any ocular comorbidities.

A good visual acuity is that achieve patient's expectations and needs. Surgeons can help the patient's to achieve the visual acuity without spectacles according to patient's expectations at far, intermediate and near distances. However, same vision cannot be achieved at all distances without spectacles and therefore the patient should sometimes prioritize the vision at a particular distance.

In most cases, blurry vision will improve after cataract surgery as the eye heals and adjusts to the new intraocular lens. However, some patients may still experience some degree of blurry vision due to factors such as residual refractive error, astigmatism, or ocular comorbidities. It is important to consult with an eye care professional to address any ongoing visual concerns.

Waiting too long for cataract surgery can result in worsening vision, reduced quality of life, and increased difficulty performing daily tasks. However, the urgency for surgery depends on the severity of the cataract and its impact on the patient's vision and lifestyle. In some cases, delaying surgery may not have significant consequences, but it is crucial to discuss the appropriate timing with an eye care professional.

Some potential problems with IOL lens implants include incorrect lens power, which may result in residual refractive error; increased risk of posterior capsule opacification; and reduced contrast sensitivity, particularly with multifocal IOLs. Additionally, some patients may experience glare, halos, or other visual disturbances.

Eyesight may worsen after cataract surgery due to several factors, such as residual refractive error, posterior capsule opacification, or the development of other ocular conditions like glaucoma. It is essential to consult with an eye care professional to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.

Intraocular lenses are designed to last a lifetime after cataract surgery. They are made of durable materials that do not degrade over time, and complications related to the lens itself are relatively rare. However, other factors, such as the development of posterior capsule opacification, may affect vision and require additional treatment.

The primary benefit of intraocular lenses is the restoration of clear vision after cataract surgery. IOLs replace the eye's natural lens, which has become cloudy due to cataract formation, providing improved visual acuity and, in many cases, reducing the need for glasses. Additionally, certain types of IOLs, such as multifocal or toric IOLs, can correct presbyopia and astigmatism, respectively, further enhancing the patient's vision.

Pros of IOL lenses include improved visual acuity after cataract surgery, potential spectacle independence for distance, intermediate, and near vision (depending on the type of IOL), and a long-lasting solution for clear vision. Cons include potential complications such as residual refractive error, glare or halos, reduced contrast sensitivity, and the possibility of needing additional corrective eyewear for certain tasks.

The life expectancy of an intraocular lens is designed to be lifelong. IOLs are made from durable materials that do not degrade over time, ensuring long-lasting clear vision after cataract surgery. While complications related to the lens itself are relatively rare, factors such as posterior capsule opacification may affect vision and require additional treatment.

It is possible to achieve 20/20 vision after cataract surgery, but individual outcomes may vary depending on factors such as the type of IOL implanted, preoperative visual acuity, and any ocular comorbidities. In many cases, patients can expect significant improvement in their vision after surgery, with some achieving 20/20